The success of cotton producers is the culmination of dedicated, joint efforts of all agricultural workers and a logical outcome of the wide-ranging agricultural reform. The sustainable use of land and water resources, regional crop specialization in the agroindustrial sector, the gradual introduction of market relations into farming, and a number of other present-day key aspects have been considered from a new angle and clearly specified in the modern agricultural policy of Turkmenistan. In turn, this is inseparably associated with successful tackling of tasks such as renovation of Turkmen villages, raising of farming standards, creation of modern agribusiness firms and processing enterprises, and intensive development of the private sector. Massive efforts are being made to ensure dedicated support to the agricultural sector, which includes technical re-equipment and modernization of the agroindustrial sector’s production infrastructure, the development of the chemical industry to keep farmers amply supplied with mineral fertilizers, handling of land improvement and water supply issues. State-of-the-art tractors, combine harvesters, and other equipment are purchased on a regular basis for the agroindustrial sector’s needs. Labor-saving mechanization and automation is an essential aspect of boosting agricultural production efficiency and providing quality-of-life improvements to farmers. Goal-oriented steps taken in the field have enabled to accord higher prestige to agricultural jobs in rural areas, to engage young people and to stimulate employment growth in the sector. At present, 500 MX-1.8 cotton pickers, manufactured in Uzbekistan, are working efficiently in the country’s fields, having proved highly reliable in the regions’ soil and climatic conditions. This year, CLASS tricycle tractors and grain harvesters have been brought into use for the first time. John Deere cotton and grain harvesters and farm tractors constitute an integral part of the country’s fleet of agri-machinery. Cotton and grain growing are strategic sectors of the country’s agriculture. “White gold” and “ak bugdai” production and processing is seen as the major trend of President Gurbanguly Berdymuhamedov’s agroindustrial policy. The agrarian reform is specifically characterized by the fact that it is being implemented in the conceptually new economic environment, in which overriding importance in tackling priority tasks is placed on international cooperation and exchange of experience as well as on the promotion of private initiative, business development and diverse property forms. The harvesting campaign is well underway; tons of “white gold” are delivered daily to cotton-receiving centers.